april 2011

Research & Development

Enhancing the Magnetism: Berkeley Researchers Find Enhanced and Controllable Magnetization in Unique Bismuth Ferrite Films
“The nation that controls magnetism will control the universe,” famed fictional detective Dick Tracy predicted back in 1935. Probably an overstatement, but there’s little doubt the nation that leads the development of advanced magnetoelectronic or spintronic devices is going to have a serious leg-up on its Information Age competition. A smaller, faster and cheaper way to store and transfer information is the spintronic grand prize and a key to winning this prize is understanding and controlling a multiferroic property known as “spontaneous magnetization.”

Now, researchers with the US Department of Energy (DOE) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have been able to enhance spontaneous magnetization in special versions of the popular multiferroic material bismuth ferrite. What’s more, they can turn this magnetization “on/off” through the application of an external electric field, a critical ability for the advancement of spintronic technology.

“Taking a novel approach, we’ve created a new magnetic state in bismuth ferrite along with the ability to electrically control this magnetism at room temperature,” said Ramamoorthy Ramesh, a materials scientist with Berkeley Lab’s Materials Sciences Division, who led this research. “An enhanced magnetization arises in the rhombohedral phases of our bismuth ferrite self-assembled nanostructures. This magnetization is strain-confined between the tetragonal phases of the material and can be erased by the application of an electric field. The magnetization is restored when the polarity of the electric field is reversed.”

Ramesh, who also holds appointments with the University of California Berkeley’s Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Department of Physics, is the corresponding author of a paper in the journal Nature Communications titled “Electrically Controllable Spontaneous Magnetism in Nanoscale Mixed Phase Multiferroics.”

Magnetoelectronic or spintronic devices store data through electron spin and its associated magnetic moment rather than the electron charge-based storage of today’s electronic devices. Spin, a quantum mechanical property arising from the magnetic moment of a spinning electron, carries a directional value of either “up” or “down” that can be used to encode data in the 0s and 1s of the binary system. In addition to the size, speed and capacity advantages over electronic devices, the data storage in spintronic devices does not disappear when the electric current stops.

Multiferroics are prime candidate materials for future spintronic devices because they can simultaneously exhibit both electric and magnetic properties. Bismuth ferrite, a multiferroic comprised of bismuth, iron and oxygen (BFO), has been thrust into the spintronic spotlight thanks in part to a surprising discovery in 2009 by Ramesh and his research group. They found that although bismuth ferrite is an insulator, running through its crystals are two-dimensional sheets called “domain walls” that conduct electricity. Ramesh and his group subsequently found that application of a large epitaxial strain (compression in the direction of a material’s crystal planes) changes the bismuth ferrite crystal structure from its natural rhombohedral phase into a tetragonal phase. Partial relaxation of the strain creates a stable nanoscale mixture of the rhombohedral and tetragonal phases.

In this new research, Ramesh and his group have deployed epitaxial strain to create bismuth ferrite films that are a mix of highly distorted rhombohedral and tetragonal phases, in which the rhombohedral phases are mechanically confined by regions of the tetragonal phases. The magnetic moments that spontaneously arise in these special films occur within the distorted rhombohedral phase rather than at the phase interfaces and are significantly stronger than the magnetic moment that occurs in conventional bismuth ferrite.

 “Normal bismuth ferrite films typically show a spontaneous magnetization of 6 to 8 electromagnetic units/cubic centimeter, which is too small for applications in a real device,” said Qing (Helen) He, who was the lead author on the Nature Communications paper. “By setting our bismuth ferrite films in this special mixed phase state, we can enhance the spontaneous magnetization to approximately 30 to 40 electromagnetic units/cubic centimeter, which is large enough to be used in real devices.”

Ramesh, He and their co-authors discovered that the enhanced spontaneous magnetization in their special bismuth ferrite films can be controlled through the use of an external electric field without any noticeable current passing through the film. The ability to turn the magnetization on/off in these films opens the door to their use in spintronic devices as the on/off states can serve as the 1 and 0 states of data storage. That these on/off states can be achieved without an electric current is a significant added advantage.

“In the typical magnetic memory device, the magnetic state of the material is set by an external magnetic field that is generated from the current flowing through an electromagnet,” said He. “Current flow needs to be driven with a lot of power and at the same time generates waste heat. Therefore, using an electric field instead of a current to control the magnetization saves energy.”

The discovery that the magnetization of these special bismuth ferrite films can be controlled with an electric field was largely made possible by the use of PhotoEmission Electron Microscopy (PEEM) at Berkeley Lab’s Advanced Light Source (ALS), a DOE Office of Science national user facility for synchrotron radiation. The PEEM3 microscope at ALS beamline 11.0.1 is one of the world’s best instruments for studying ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic nanoscale domains.

In addition to Ramesh and He, other co-authors of the paper “Electrically Controllable Spontaneous Magnetism in Nanoscale Mixed Phase Multiferroics” were Ying-Hao Chu, John Heron, Seung-Yeul Yang, Wen-I Laing, Chang-Yang Kuo, Hong-Ji Lin, Pu Yu, Chen-Wei Liang, Robert Zeches, Wei-Chen Kuo, Jenh-Yih Juang, Chien-Te Chen, Elke Arenholz and Andreas Scholl.

This research was primarily supported by the DOE Office of Science.

Permanent Magnets 2010-2020: A Comprehensive Overview of the Global Permanent Magnet Industry
The report will be a bound book designed to be a resource for every sector of the Global Permanent Magnet Industry including producers, users, fabricators & distributors and industry suppliers.  It is a must have for anyone seeking to understand today's dynamics and planning for success in the ever-expanding Global Permanent Magnet Industry of tomorrow.

The authors (Walter Benecki, Walter T. Benecki LLC, Terry K. Clagett, WebMagnetics Inc. and Dr. Stanley Trout, Spontaneous Materials) have a combined involvement in the Global Permanent Magnet Industry totaling nearly 100 years.  Each author compliments the others, bringing a unique skill set and extensive experience in their individual area of expertise. This yields a first of its kind, comprehensive reference and resource.

Global Permanent Magnet Industry 2010-2020 will include more than 250 pages of useful data and information that will be essential for anyone involved in the Global Permanent Magnet Industry.  It will be a valuable resource for:

• Strategic planning
• Researching acquisitions, investments or divestments
• Improving your overall "Magnet IQ"
• Establishing or assuring a reliable magnet supply chain
• Supplying goods and services to the industry

For a detailed outline click here. To order click here.

MEDER electronic, Inc. MMS - 2.8 mm Implantable MEMS Reed Sensors Need No Power

A new, ultra-small magnetically actuated reed sensor that requires no power and is designed for switching CMOS gates and other low power signal switching devices such as implantable medical pacemakers and insulin pumps is being introduced by MEDER electronic.

MEDER MMS Reed Sensors are magnetically actuated on/off sensors that feature no power draw and measure only L2.8 mm [0.110”]  x W2.05 mm [0.080”] x H1.2 mm [0.047"].  Designed for switching low power devices where size is critical, they are available with magnetic sensitivity ranges from 1-4 millitesla and are tested to withstand up to 15,000 G's shock from any direction.  Choose from 2 surface mount lead designs in a SPST-NO (Form A) version: lead design 1 (straight cut axial lead), and lead design 2 (Gull Wing).

Manufactured using semiconductor wafer technology, MEDER MMS Reed Sensors are supplied in tape and reel according to IEC 286/part 3, suitable for auto pick and place equipment. These SPST reed sensors have a switching voltage of 3 VDC max., with 10⁹ insulation resistance across the contacts. These reed sensors are RoHS compliant.  Available today at Digi-Key Corporation.

SuperPower 2G HTS Wire

SuperPower, Inc. produces high-performance 2G HTS (second-generation high temperature superconductor) wire, or “coated conductor,” that provides important advantages (efficiency, high engineering current density) over copper wire when used in devices for energy,  renewables, healthcare, transportation, military, space, industry, science and research.  These devices (cables, transformers, motors, generators, storage systems, etc.) are, therefore, smaller, lighter, safer, cleaner and smarter than today’s devices.

SuperPower 2G HTS Wire is offered in a variety of architectures and chemical formulations to best meet the needs of these unique devices:

• Multiple wire widths
• Two substrate thicknesses
• Adjustable silver and copper stabilizer thickness
• Insulation option
• Low resistance joints and splices
• Advanced Pinning Formulation (AP) for increased performance at a variety of temperature and magnetic field ranges
• Cable Formulation (CF) that is uniquely suited for use in 77K, self field operation

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New Release of CST STUDIO SUITE
Computer Simulation Technology (CST)  has released CST STUDIO SUITE version 2011.  Researchers and engineers use CST STUDIO SUITE for the design of electromagnetic components such as sensors, actuators, transformers and power electronics. CST’s latest software release, CST STUDIO SUITE version 2011 and its multitude of powerful new features and functionality can help them to streamline their workflows and shorten development cycles.


The new version offers a diversity of new features such as impedance boundary conditions, anisotropic material models and coupling of the 3D EM model to the built-in circuit simulator. Also the powerful and easy-to-use frontend has been improved.


The multi-physics flow inside CST STUDIO SUITE 2011 has been enhanced further. Based on one single simulation model, the simulation task concept facilitates optimization, considering electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical properties.

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Smaller Power Inductors for High Frequency Applications
The Alpha-Core Division of Bridgeport Magnetics Group Inc. introduces a line of high power inductors for high frequency applications with a minimum 30 percent size and weight reduction using high performance gapped amorphous ribbon cores instead of conventional cores of silicon steel  or powdered iron.

 

Alpha-Core’s new amorphous core power inductors combine high inductance and current levels with low losses at frequencies in the 20 KHz range. High wattage switching mode power supplies   benefit from the compact design and much reduced weight. Other applications include power factor correction and harmonics filtering in UPS systems, variable frequency inverters and on-grid solar and wind power systems.

 

Alpha-Core power inductors are box shaped and fully encapsulated in black epoxy resin. The insulation system is class F (155C). The two leads exit from the short end. Initially Alpha-Core offers inductance values ranging from 100 uH to 5,000 uH and RMS current ratings up to 60A. Prices start at $25.00.

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Voice Coil Actuator Solves Challenging Application Requirements for High Temperature Capabilities
BEI Kimco Magnetics, a company of Custom Sensors & Technologies (CST), Inc., recently met the challenging voice coil actuator requirements for a high temperature spectrometer application. The device is used to identify materials in a given sample based on its spectral lines and operates under severe conditions.

 

Key to the customer’s product design specification was a voice coil actuator that would deliver consistent and reliable performance while operating in a harsh environment under extreme temperatures. In this application, the voice coil actuator is used to move a mirror at high frequency, causing the laser beam to dither. The actuator needed to perform at an ambient temperature of 400º F.

 

To meet these challenges, BEI Kimco developed a voice coil actuator within the Model LA13-12-000A package.  The new design included special Samarium Cobalt (SmCo) magnets and reinforced magnet wire insulation that could withstand high ambient temperatures up to 400º F, a continuous stall force of 0.49 Lb. and a total stroke of 0.25 inches.

 

 “In this example, after going though different product interactions, we were able to meet some very demanding customer requirements,” said Miguel Hermosillo, BEI Kimco’s Applications Engineer/Project manager for voice coil actuators.  “Our customers expect the best designs possible, and we do our best to surpass their expectations.  This demonstrates how BEI Kimco really specializes in meeting unique customer needs.”

 

Pricing for the high temperature LA13-12 Voice Coil Actuator is from the $100’s in production quantities with delivery in 6 to 8 weeks.

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Eddy Current Separator Launched by Bunting Magnetics
Bunting Magnetics Co. has designed and created a new Eddy Current Separator (ECS) as part of its material handling product line. The ECS product features a rotor, which maximizes gauss intensity on the belt surface and provides improved separation of non-ferrous materials.

 

“Our history of creating the highest quality products in the industry has now been extended to include Eddy Current Separators,” said Robert J. Bunting, the company’s owner and CEO. “This addition to our product offering gives us the ability to provide complete systems for recycling operations around the world. Beginning with our powerful magnetic separation equipment, Bunting now offers a diverse lineup that includes magnets, metal detectors, conveyors, magnetic pulleys and more. From start to finish, we can help our customers achieve a high rate of recovery for recycled material and protect their processing equipment as well.”

 

The Bunting ECS core is designed to provide a high level of gauss intensity to enhance separation on a wide range of nonferrous materials and part sizes. It is protected with the tough urethane belt and a carbon fiber epoxy shell. From aluminum cans to kitchen pots and pans, our ECS units do an excellent job of throw and separation.

 

The ECS attains a high recovery rate and provides our customers with cleaner materials, which is the bottom line result everyone is seeking. Also, the eccentric core is designed to be rotated to provide the most effective amount of product throw based on the material and application being used.

 

One of the key design features of the Bunting Eddy Current Separator is how easy it is to maintain. The design includes a drop down side panel, which can be lowered by one person for a quick belt change.

 

The rubber lagged inverter duty motorized drive pulley at the in-feed provides for improved driving force, variable speed drive and a clean out-of-the-way design. It is easy to work on when needed and it provides a variable 100 to 300 fpm belt speed to maximize separation. The ECS drive comes complete with two variable frequency drives (VFD) to program the ramp up of starting the machine.

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New Half Rack Temperature Controller Offers 75 W of Low-Noise Heater Power
Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. has introduced the new Model 335 temperature controller. Designed with the user in mind, the Model 335 offers many user-configurable features and advanced functions that until now have been reserved for more expensive, high-end temperature controllers. The Model 335 is the first two-channel temperature controller available with user configurable heater outputs delivering a total of 75 W of low noise heater power.

 

Supporting diodes, resistance temperature detectors, and thermocouples, the Model 335 includes hardware and software features allowing easy control of experiments and automate processes. Output one functions as a current output while output two can be configured in current or voltage mode. With output two in voltage mode, it functions as a ±10 V analog output and still provides 1 W of heater power and full closed loop proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control. It can automatically calculate PID control parameters with improved autotuning and alarms and relays help automate secondary control functions. The controller’s zone tuning feature allows you to measure and control temperatures seamlessly from 300 mK to over 1,500 K. This feature automatically switches temperature sensor inputs when your temperature range goes beyond the useable range of a given sensor.

 

The front panel layout and keypad logic, bright vacuum fluorescent display and LED indicators enhance the user-friendly interface of the Model 335. Four display modes accommodate different instrument configurations and user preferences. These features, combined with USB and IEEE-488 interfaces and intuitive menu structure and logic supports efficiency and ease of use.

 

Replacing the Model 331 and 332 temperature controllers, the Model 335 offers software emulation modes for drop-in compatibility. The commands you are accustomed to sending to the Model 331 and 332 are interpreted directly or translated to the most appropriate Model 335 setting. The Model 335 comes equipped with all of the functionality of the controllers it replaces, but offers additional features.

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Vishay Releases Industry's First IHLP Low-Profile, High-Current Inductor in 3232 Case Size with 4.0 mm Profile 
Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. has launched a new IHLP low-profile, high-current inductor in the 3232 case size. Featuring an 8.3 mm by 8.8 mm footprint and low 4.0 mm profile, the IHLP-3232DZ-11 offers improved efficiency with maximum DCR down to 1.35 mΩ and a wide range of standard inductance values from 0.22 µH through 47.0 µH.

 

With a DC/DC converter frequency range up to 1.0 MHz, the new IHLP-3232DZ-11 serves as a space- and power-saving solution for voltage regulator module (VRM) and dc-to-dc converter applications in end products including next-generation mobile devices; notebooks, desktop computers, servers, graphic cards, portable gaming systems, personal navigation systems, personal multimedia devices, and automotive systems; low-profile, high-current power supplies and point of load (POL) converters; distributed power systems; field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); and high-current filters.

 

The IHLP-3232DZ-11offers an inductance range from 0.22 µH to 47.0 µH, a saturation current range from 2.6 A up to 22.0 A, a heat rating current range from 3.0 A to 34.0 A, and maximum DCR from 1.35 mΩ to 252 mΩ.

The new inductor handles high transient current spikes without hard saturation. Packaged in an RoHS-compliant, 100 percent lead (Pb)-free shielded, composite construction that reduces buzz noise to ultra-low levels, the new device is specified for an operating temperature range of 55°C to 125°C, with high resistance to thermal shock, moisture, mechanical shock and vibration.

 

Samples and production quantities of the new inductor are available now, with lead times of six to eight weeks for large orders. Pricing for US delivery only in 10,000-piece quantities is $0.30 per piece.

Molycorp and DOE's Ames Laboratory Sign Cooperative Research and Development Agreement on Rare Earth Magnets
Molycorp, Inc. has entered into a cooperative research and development agreement with the US Department of Energy’s Ames Laboratory.  The Molycorp-Ames effort will focus on developing new methods to create commercial-grade rare earth permanent magnets.
 
The collaboration combines Ames Laboratory’s 60+ years of experience in the critical materials science field with Molycorp’s 58+ years of experience in developing and commercializing innovative rare earth processing technologies.
 
"We are looking forward to a highly successful partnership between Molycorp and the Ames Laboratory that will incorporate new techniques, processes, and materials into US supply chains," said Debra Covey, Ames Laboratory associate laboratory director for Sponsored Research Administration.
 
“This is a significant first step toward a long and mutually beneficial relationship between these two committed entities, said Karl Gschneidner Jr., who will lead the research efforts at Ames Laboratory.  "The Ames-Molycorp partnership will serve to re-energize applied rare earth research in the US, and will begin to ameliorate the current void in intellectual infrastructure in rare earths by training undergraduates, graduate, and post-doctoral students and providing them with research opportunities.”
 
Ames Laboratory scientists will investigate several compositions of rare earth materials and processing techniques with the goal of making permanent rare earth magnets with properties comparable to currently available neodymium-iron-boron magnets. The material combinations studied will correspond with the relative concentrations of rare earth elements in Molycorp’s Mountain Pass mine, using techniques that are more cost effective and leave a smaller environmental footprint than current methods.
 
“For more than 60 years, the Ames Laboratory has sought out solutions to energy-related questions through groundbreaking research and development,” said Dr. John L. Burba, executive vice president and CTO of Molycorp, Inc.  “It is my hope that this cooperative agreement will lead to breakthroughs in rare earth material manufacture that can advance the state of the art in rare earth magnet design and manufacture as well as strengthen our nation’s productive capacity of these and other critical rare earth materials.”
 
Gschneidner, Vitalij Pecharsky, Ames Laboratory Senior Scientist, and Dr. Burba will serve as principle investigators on the project.

Molycorp Acquires Controlling Stake in AS Silmet, Expands Operations to Europe, Doubles Near-Term Rare Earth Oxide Production Capacity
Molycorp, Inc. has announced that its wholly owned subsidiary Molycorp Minerals, LLC (Molycorp) has completed the acquisition of a 90.023 percent controlling stake in AS Silmet, one of only two rare earth processing facilities in Europe, in a transaction valued at approximately $89 million.  Molycorp acquired 80 percent of the outstanding shares of AS Silmet from AS Silmet Grupp, which will retain a 9.977 percent ownership interest going forward.  Molycorp acquired the other 10.023 percent from Treibacher Industrie AG.

The acquisition provides Molycorp with its first European base of operations as well as doubles the company’s current rare earth production capacity from approximately 3,000 tonnes per year of rare earth oxide (REO) equivalent to 6,000 tonnes. AS Silmet will immediately begin sourcing rare earth feed stocks for production of its products from Molycorp’s Mountain Pass, Calif. rare earth mine and processing facility, making it the first rare earth oxide and metal producer in Europe that is not dependent on rare earth materials sourced from China. As part of the transaction, the company also will change its name to AS Molycorp Silmet.

The facility’s main focus will be on the production of rare earth oxides and metals – including didymium metal, a critical component in the manufacture of neodymium-iron-boron permanent rare earth magnets – from feed stocks supplied by Molycorp’s Mountain Pass, Calif. rare earth mine and processing facility.  However, the transaction also expands Molycorp’s manufacturing capabilities beyond rare earths into the production of the rare metals niobium and tantalum, which between them have a wide variety of uses in electronics, materials manufacture, optics, health care, chemical process equipment, power generation systems, aerospace, superconductive materials, and others.  AS Silmet is one of the world’s leading producers of pure niobium and tantalum metal.

AS Silmet’s manufacturing operation, which employs approximately 550 workers, is located in Sillamäe, Estonia.  The company currently sells products to customers in Europe, North and South America, Asia, Russia, and other previous Soviet Union countries.

“This acquisition provides Molycorp with a European base of operations as well as a larger global customer base, greater rare earth production capacity, and an expanded product line that extends our interests into other strategic metals and technologies,” said Mark A. Smith, President and CEO of Molycorp, Inc.  “We have already begun shipping feed stocks from Mountain Pass to be processed into finished products at AS Molycorp Silmet. In the short-term, this will greatly increase our ability to supply our products into the increasingly tight global rare earth market and provide a convenient base from which to supply European customers.  In the mid- and long-term, AS Molycorp Silmet will help us expand our manufacturing capabilities to a broader range of strategic materials."

"We are very excited to be adding the 550 very talented employees of AS Silmet to the Molycorp family," Smith added, "and especially to gain the talents, skills, and experience of David O'Brock, AS Silmet's Managing Director.  David has delivered great value to the company and will be an important asset going forward to AS Molycorp Silmet and to our overall growth strategies."

Mr. Tiit Vähi, former Estonian Prime Minister and Chairman of the Board of AS Silmet Grupp, said: “We are very pleased that Molycorp has acquired a majority position in AS Silmet and look forward to the value that Molycorp will bring to the company by providing a steady and secure supply of rare earth feed stocks to the business.  This is a strategic advantage that only Molycorp can bring."

Great Western Minerals Group Releases 2010 Financial Results
Great Western Minerals Group Ltd. (GWMG) has released its 2010 financial results.

For the year ended December 31, 2010, GWMG’s financial highlights include:

• Manufacturing / processing revenues from GWMG’s wholly owned subsidiaries Less Common Metals and Great Western Technologies Inc. were $15.1 million for 2010 representing a 26 percent revenue increase over 2009.
• Gross margins on manufacturing / processing operations were $4.5 million for 2010, representing a 48 percent increase over 2009.
• Net consolidated loss for 2010 of $16.3 million ($.062/share) which includes the write down of mineral properties in the amount of $8.1 million ($.030/share). This compares to a 2009 net loss of $7.0 million ($0.042/share).
• The cash loss for 2010 was $5.1 million ($.02/share). This compares to a cash loss of $5.3 ($.03/share) in 2009.

"Great Western Minerals Group had a very strong financial and operating year in 2010,” said Jim Engdahl, GWMG president and CEO. “Our Company was able to increase revenues by 26 percent and margins by 48 percent for the year from our Rare Earths processing operations. This is of significance given our plans to be a fully integrated producer."

Engdahl added, "GMWG also saw a significant improvement in the Company’s cash position with $9.2 million as at December 31, 2010 compared to $1.2 million as at December 31, 2009. In addition, subsequent to year end, the Company has received and executed 17,492,828 warrants for common shares of the Company. This contribution of $8,215,781 to the cash position of GWMG is highly relevant to our ability to bring the Steenkampskraal property into mining production."

Event Listings

MAGNETICS 2011: Conference Proceedings Now Available
If you were unable to attend MAGNETICS 2011, you can still stay up-to-date on the latest magnetic applications, technologies and materials.

For only $290 you can purchase the entire conference proceedings on CD-ROM, which includes:

• PDFs of the slides to more than 20 presentations

• Product and services information from exhibiting companies

• Attendee Information
  (Name / Title / Company / City / State)

It’s the next best thing to being at the Conference! To order click here.

PCIM Europe 2011

May 17-19, 2011

Nuremberg, Germany

PCIM Europe is the international leading exhibition and conference for power electronics,intelligent motion & power quality. Recent trends and developments offer solutions for pressing problems of the industry.  Visitors will find international exhibitors which present latest developments of power semiconductors, passive components, products for thermal management, new materials, sensors as well as servo-technology and power quality, energy-management or smart grid. Profit from the success of such a well established international exhibition with conference and tutorials.  This unique combination with the application oriented conference and the leading international exhitbion makes PCIM Europe the highlight of the sector. For more information, please go to www.pcim-exhibtion.com.  Entry with pre-registration is free of charge.

Sensors Expo & Conference

June 6-8, 2011
Rosemont, IL

Sensors Expo & Conference is the only industry event in North America exclusively focused on sensors and sensor integrated systems, providing over 25 years of technical innovation and thought leadership! The 2011 event will take place June 6-8 in Rosemont, IL, and will explore the most up-to-date innovations in sensor technology, including MEMS, energy harvesting, wireless, and more in both an in-depth conference program and a jam-packed exhibitor floor. PLUS – new event features for 2011 including MEMS Pavilion, MEMS Innovation Area, Energy Harvesting Pavilion, Technology Update Theater, and more! Register today at www.sensorsexpo.com and use code: 301H to save up to $400 with low Early Bird Rates!

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